Strategic Alternatives Matrix Swot Analysis - 898 Words

The TOWS strategic alternatives matrix utilizes those factors identified in the SWOT analysis in order to analyze the organization from a different perspective. There are four types of strategies associated with the TOWS analysis: ââ€"  The SO (Maxi-Maxi) Strategy: strategy that uses internal strengths to take advantage of external opportunities. ââ€"  The WO (Mini-Maxi) Strategy: strategy that uses external opportunities to minimize weaknesses. ââ€"  The ST (Maxi-Mini) Strategy: strategy that uses strengths to reduce the impact of external threats. ââ€"  The WT (Mini-Mini) Strategy: defensive strategy that aims to prevent the organization’s weaknesses from making it susceptible to external threats (Al-Mayahi Mansoor, 2012). SO Strategy The SO strategy for UPS entails utilizing UPS’s strengths such as their expansive global presence and network, financial strength, broad portfolio of services, and technological solutions to capitalize on increasing demand for their services from global growth, emerging markets, and growth rates in e-commerce. There are many opportunities on the horizon for UPS and their strengths will equip them to take full advantage of these upcoming opportunities. UPS has been successful in strategically positioning themselves around the world in key markets in order to capitalize on growth rates. This was possible due to UPS’s impressive financial situation. Their strong financial position will also allow them to quickly invest in operations in order to meetShow MoreRelatedStrategy Formulation, Situation Analysis and Business Analysis1590 Words   |  7 PagesFormulation: Situation Analysis and Business Strategy Institut fà ¼r Strategisches Management Institut fà ¼r Strategisches Management Situational Analysis Strategy Formulation - developing a corporation’s mission, objectives, strategies and policies Situation Analysis - the process of finding a strategic fit between external opportunities and internal strengths while working around external and internal weaknesses Wheelen / Hunger, 2010, p 224 SWOT Analysis SWOT- Strengths-WeaknessesOpportunities-ThreatsRead MoreEssay about rothaermel exercise 1720 Words   |  3 Pagesbeginning of Module/Week 3) in the case section of the text (e.g. Case Number 1). A formal, in-depth case study analysis requires you to utilize the entire strategic management process. Assume your group is a consulting team asked by the ABC Corporation to analyze its external/internal environment and make strategic recommendations. You must include exhibits to support your analysis and recommendations. The case study must include these components: 10–12 pages of text plus the exhibits CoverRead MoreAlternative Strategies of Managing Business1776 Words   |  7 PagesAlternative Strategies of Managing Business Alternative Strategies of Managing Business Introduction The success of any business company depends on the strategy it takes on to increase its efficiency. This is because all organizations look forward to increase their returns, and minimize their expenditures. In light of this, success in a business then depends on how successful it is in maximizing its resources, and expanding its market share. This can only be realized when alternative strategiesRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of The Company1123 Words   |  5 Pagesand threats with a tool known as SWOT (p. 247). Strengths and weaknesses, refer to elements within a firm and are used to measure a firm in comparison to its rivals, whereas opportunities and threats describe elements outside of the firm that influence the firm’s operations (Parnell, 2014, p. 247). Human resources, organizational resources, and physical resources are the internal areas that would fall under a firm’s strengths or weaknesses, while a PEST analysis can provide information on opportunitiesR ead MoreSwot Analysis782 Words   |  4 PagesStrategic and Creative Use of S.W.O.T Analysis [edit] Strategic Use: Orienting SWOTs to An Objective Illustrative diagram of SWOT analysisIf SWOT analysis does not start with defining a desired end state or objective, it runs the risk of being useless. A SWOT analysis may be incorporated into the strategic planning model. An example of a strategic planning technique that incorporates an objective-driven SWOT analysis is SCAN analysis. Strategic Planning, including SWOT and SCAN analysis, hasRead MoreStrategic Management Analysis of Saudi Aramco Ltd.1671 Words   |  7 PagesRoy. Id. No. 11-94732-2. MBA Course: Strategic Management. Section: A. Department of Business Administration. Contents of term-paper as follows: 1. Acknowledgement Letter 2. Executive Summary 3. Definition of Strategy 4. Most Strategic Management Model 5. Company Detailed Profile including mission amp; vision and Organogram 6. PESTEL, SWOT and Porter’s Five Forces Analysis 7. SWAN Analysis amp; TWOS Matrix 8. Value Chain Analysis 9. ViSA Model amp; SMARTER ModelRead MoreWinnebagoindustries: Swot Analysis and Three Year Strategic Plan1224 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: WINNEBAGO INDUSTRIES: SWOT ANALYSIS WinnebagoIndustries: SWOT Analysis and Three Year Strategic Plan Paul S. Bodkins Strayer University BUS490 (008016) Business Policy Professor: Kelly Lambert  Ã‚   May 30, 2010 Winnebago Industries: SWOT Analysis and Three Year Strategic Plan Winnebago Industries, located in Forest City, Iowa has recently experienced what could be considered its most challenging decade since founded in 1958, by business man John Hanson. SynonymousRead MorePlanning Matrix1055 Words   |  5 PagesThe Decision Stage Analysis and intuition provide a basis for making strategy-formulation decisions. The matching techniques just discussed reveal feasible alternative strategies. Many of these strategies will likely have been proposed by managers and employees participating in the strategy analysis and choice activity. Any additional strategies resulting from the matching analyses could be discussed and added to the list of feasible alternative options. As indicated earlier in this chapterRead MoreMarketing strategies1092 Words   |  5 Pagesits resources on the optimal opportunities with the goals of increasing sales and achieving a sustainable competitive advantage.[1] Marketing strategy includes all basic and long-term activities in the field of marketing that deal with the analysis of the strategic initial situation of a company and the formulation, evaluation and selection of market-oriented strategies and therefore contribute to the goals of the company and its marketing objectives.[2] Types of strategies Marketing strategiesRead MoreMarketing strategy1487 Words   |  6 Pagesstrategies At introduction, the marketing strategist has two principle strategies to choose from: penetration or niche (47). Market growth strategies In the early growth stage, the marketing manager may choose from two additional strategic alternatives: segment expansion (Smith, Ansoff) or brand expansion (Borden, Ansoff, Kerin and Peterson, 1978) (48). Market maturity strategies In maturity, sales growth slows, stabilizes and starts to decline. In early maturity, it is common to employ

Frankenstein and the Effects of Isolation Essay - 1145 Words

Isolation is the separation from others and/or society whether it be physically or emotionally. In the novel Frankenstein by Mary Shelley, I believe that a central theme is that the isolation from family and society, especially at a time when one is faced with difficulty, can have a negative effect on a person. The main characters in the story, Victor Frankenstein and the monster, both experience the same suffering of being alone in different ways. The negative consequences are the death of their loved one and eventually the end of their own. Frankenstein chooses to be isolated from society and his family on his own. He travels away from home for his desire to obtain more knowledge about natural philosophy. He fancied about creating†¦show more content†¦It’s because the monster is filled up with overwhelming hate and anger because there is no one out there like him. The more he killed Victors loved ones, the more attention the creature received from Victor. Event ually he had killed everyone close to Victor and had gained Victors full attention, when Victor vowed to do everything within his power to seize the monster† (190). Now both Victor and the creature had no one to love, only one person to seek revenge from. Isolation eventually leads to death is another recurring theme within the story. The monster kills everyone around close to Frankenstein because he wants him to know what it feels like to be alone. He started with his younger brother William which also resulted in the death of Justine who was blamed for the tragic incident. Even though Frankenstein knew it was his fault his brother died, he couldn’t speak the truth in fear of what might happen to him. Next was Clerval, his best friend from childhood. Finally it was his beloved wife, Elizabeth. Isolation has a negative effect on Frankenstein by making him fall ill. â€Å"But I was in reality very ill; and surely nothing but the unbounded and unremitting attentio ns of my friend could have restored me to life. The form of the monster on whom I had bestowed existence was forever before my eyes. By very slow degrees, and with frequent relapses that alarmed and grieved my friend, I recovered† (55). With Clerval by his side, Frankenstein recoveredShow MoreRelated Isolation in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Essays1399 Words   |  6 PagesIsolation in Mary Shelleys Frankenstein Mary Shelleys novel, Frankenstein, has several themes imbedded in the text. One major theme is of isolation. Many of the characters experience some time of isolation. The decisions and actions of some of these characters are the root cause of their isolation. They make choices that isolate themselves from everyone else. However, other characters are forced into isolation for reasons that are not in their control. The actions of another cause themRead MoreMary Shelley and Flannery OConnor: Gothic Isolationists1724 Words   |  7 Pagesits success during this time period, gothic fiction ceased to be a dominant genre by the Victorian Era. However, in many ways it had now begun to enter into its most ingenious phase. This paper will analyze the influence of Mary Shelley’s novel Frankenstein on Flannery O’Connor’s work, specifically her novel Wise Blood. Flannery O’Connor emerged as a crucial and contemporary innovator of southern gothic literature. Southern gothic literature is defined as a subgenre of gothic fiction, which originatedRead MoreFrankenstein And The Psychologic And Moralistic Effects Of Community1521 Words   |  7 PagesFrankenstein and the Psychologic and Moralistic Effects of Community Dense, ominous storm cloud fill the night sky over the stone walls of a castle. Within the keep, a mad scientist goes to work with his instruments of horror. In his consuming madness, he hacks together decaying body parts on a grungy steel table. Grabbing rusted chains, the scientists hoists his creation to the sky. A tendril of lighting engulfs the elevated figure, stirring life inside it as its creator watches with psychotic screamsRead MoreFrankenstein Isolation And Isolation Essay1507 Words   |  7 PagesObserving the Isolated in Frankenstein, Why Be Happy When You Could Be Normal and Things Fall Apart A former president of Indonesia, Sukarno, stated The worst cruelty that can be inflicted on a human being is isolation. In prisons all over the world, solitary confinement is a type of punishment where an inmate is isolated from everything for long periods of time to protect the prisoner when he or she is considered dangerous to themselves or others. However, research has proven that solitaryRead MorePsychoanalysis of Victor Frankenstein Frankenstein by Mary Shelley1246 Words   |  5 PagesShelley s Frankenstein, Victor Frankenstein creates a monster that murders several people, and then flees through Europe to the Arctic Circle. In the beginning of the story, it seems that Frankenstein is simply a scientist chasing a pipe dream of finding the key to eternal life, but closer analysis of the text reveals that Frankenstein is not sane, and possibly suffering from one of many psychology disorders, causing hallucinations and psychosis, it is my contention, that Victor Frankens tein is hisRead MoreRecurring Motif # 1 : Passive Women1012 Words   |  5 Pagesin marriage† (Shelley 128). Significance: The passive women in Frankenstein are used as the victims of fighting between males, but also serve as goals for the males too; Frankenstein wants to marry Elizabeth (he talks of her as though she is little more than an object) and the monster wants a mate to not be lonely. The women in the story never take action, Justine accepted her fate in court and Elizabeth waited patiently for Frankenstein back at home; in short, the females are plot-progressors. TheRead MoreIsolation in Frankenstein1174 Words   |  5 PagesBrit. Lit. 4-26-13 Isolation is something that everybody experiences at some point in his or her life. There are many different types of alienation and there are many different things that can cause someone to be solitary or lonely. Some people choose to be alone simply because they like to reflect on thoughts and their lives, while some people end up alone even if they don’t want to be. Isolation affects individuals in many different ways and can have many different effects and outcomes on a personRead MoreFrankenstein Literary Analysis Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesFrankenstein Literary Analysis Friends will determine the direction and quality of your life. Loneliness is a battle that all people will once face at a certain point in their life; it is how they handle it that determines the outcome of that battle. In Mary Shelleys Frankenstein loneliness is the most significant and prevailing theme throughout the entire novel. Shelley takes her readers on a wild journey that shows how loneliness can end in tragedy. Robert Walton is the first characterRead MoreTheme Of Isolation In Frankenstein1077 Words   |  5 PagesIsolation in Frankenstein The consequences of isolation can be both physical and emotional. For the characters in Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein, isolation does both in varying degrees.Through Victor’s self-destructive path for knowledge and revenge, the creature’s descent from curiosity and benevolence to misery and revenge, and Walton’s journey to the Arctic, Mary Shelley explores the theme of isolation in that whether it is intentional or not, isolation only leads to negative consequences. Read MoreAnalysis Of Frankenstein Dark Elements 1117 Words   |  5 Pagesgothic, many of these elements are found in Frankenstein. Three of the main elements that categorize gothic literature are extreme landscapes, supernatural manifestations, and intense emotions; these three elements can also be found in Frankenstein. One common element of gothic literature includes extreme landscapes. Gothic literature uses this key element to explore and emphasize the isolation these characters desire or face. Through the emphasis on isolation, books take on an mysterious tone or mood

Teachers needs self-confidence to plan and implement Free Essays

Introduction The words of the General Teaching Council ( GTC ) statement that â€Å" instructors inspire and lead immature people, assisting them achieve their possible as fulfilled persons and productive members of society † highlight the importance of instructors in today ‘s society and stress that instruction is a demanding profession. This mission statement is reinforced by the Professional Standards for Teachers which outline â€Å" properties, cognition, understanding and accomplishments required of instructors at each calling phase † . Both apprehension of theory and practical experience are required to heighten a instructors ‘ development. We will write a custom essay sample on Teachers needs self-confidence to plan and implement or any similar topic only for you Order Now Different theories and doctrines have been used to explicate the patterned advance to going a ‘good instructor ‘ and I aim to analyze the mode in which these theories have contributed towards my ain professional development whilst critically analyzing different doctrines. Professionalism In my position, a professional instructor requires both self-confidence and humbleness. A instructor needs assurance to program and implement undertakings whilst being undeterred by troubles and humbleness to avoid assurance going haughtiness. The comprehension of professionalism is supported by Hoyle ( 1995 ) , that professionalism can be understood by cognition, liberty, and duty. A profession should establish its pattern on specializer cognition which is beyond the range of laic people. This cognition should be both theoretical in the signifier of scrutinies and practical in the signifier of experience. Autonomy follows the rule that every category is different as is every kid and the instructor should utilize their better opinion to move in the best involvements of their students. Duty is the reciprocal of liberty. The freedom of liberty must be expressed responsibly. A more in-depth analysis has been researched sing the key attributes which are associated with professionalism by Hoyle. Hoyle ( 1980 ) distinguished between restricted professionals and drawn-out professionals. Restricted professionals have their focal point in the schoolroom with the precedences being learning methods, their ain didactic behavior, and capable affair. The drawn-out professionals nevertheless are concerned with professional coaction and turn up their schoolroom instruction in a broader educational context. They besides aim at working as members of a school squad. REFLECTIVE PRACTITIONER Other than merely using professionalism in the transporting out of responsibilities, a instructor should be one who at regular intervals, looks back at the work they have done, and the work procedure, and considers how it can be improved by reflecting on the work that has been done and the jobs encountered in the class of making it. The construct of brooding pattern can be described as a critical procedure in heightening one ‘s field or subject harmonizing to Donald Schon ( 1996 ) . Brooding pattern is a manner for novices to recognize the nexus between â€Å" their ain single pattern and those of successful practicians † . Using this construct it allows for thoughtful consideration into 1 ‘s ain experiences and using cognition to pattern whilst being guided by professionals. Hopkins and Antes ( 1990 ) show a similar position that brooding pattern can be classified in footings of action research. Action research, in bend, is defined as a tool of course of study development dwelling of uninterrupted feedback that targets specific jobs in a peculiar school puting. As such, it has become a standard construct in teacher instruction plans. The instructor pedagogue as research worker and function theoretical account encourages pupils to set theories they have learnt into pattern in their schoolrooms. A parallel attack indicates that portfolio development has become a favorite tool used in pre-service instructor instruction ( Antonek, et Al, 1997 ; Hurst et Al, 1998 ) . Portfolios encourage inexperienced instructors to garner important stuffs culled in the class of their professional development to document their competences. Portfolios include a brooding constituent, for when the instructor decides which stuffs to include, they have ascertained which learning patterns worked good and why ( Hurst et a, 1998 ) . The portfolios can and should be modified at points throughout a instructor ‘s calling, as the instructor continues to use larning to practical instruction, a process which is the trademark of a brooding practician. The above theories are similar in that they focus on either pre-service or novices in a subject and lineation that contemplation is used to derive cognition and to get the better of failings. These attacks are summarised by educational theoretician and psychologist Jerome Bruner ( 1987 ) when he stated that â€Å" ego is a perpetually rewritten narrative † . PRE-BLOCK Experience In the broadest sense, a instructor can be defined as person who non merely teaches or imparts cognition, but is besides and possibly most significantly, person responsible for determining the heads and attitudes of all those whom they teach. A A instructor has the power to exert a strong influence over theirA students. When coupled with certain definite accomplishments, a good instructor has the potency to hold a womb-to-tomb impact on the pupils. An effectual instructor of mathematics continues to look into new mathematical cognition and effectual instruction schemes. An effectual mathematics instructor wants to eliminate the fright and anxiousness that mathematics represents to many pupils. As stated in the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics ( NCTM ) Curriculum and Evaluation Standards for school mathematics ( NCTM, 1989 ) , an effectual mathematics instructor will be able to actuate all pupils to larn mathematics. My doctrine about what constitutes an effectual mathematics instructor may outdo be illustrated by an illustration which came to my attending detecting a freshly qualified mathematics instructor. The mathematics instructor was portraying fractions in a manner easy comprehendible by the bulk of the category with assorted appraisal techniques used to guarantee the students understood. However, one student failed to hold on the subject and non unnaturally struggled to reply the inquiries. As the instructor ‘s attending was occupied by the remainder of the category, this one student was unable to continue with the inquiries. At the terminal of the lesson as the instructor had non watched over the category for any students that struggled, the student left the category still uncomprehending and uninterested in the subject. The instructor was unable to assist the kid as he had omitted to watch for students in trouble and this runs counter to the doctrine that every kid is of import. I n this peculiar case the instructor lacked the experience to detect the troubles that the student was confronting. My class experiences have allowed me to associate to the constructs of contemplation, in peculiar the dimensions of brooding pattern ( Zwozdiak-Myers, 2006? ) . The dimensions of brooding pattern relate to the thoughts in which instructor ‘s reflect, better and test new thoughts. This so allows for instructor ‘s to be able to see the types of techniques which were successful and unsuccessful in the schoolroom. The nine dimensions each have a cardinal facet in which to near contemplation and this proves to be a cardinal theory in building my doctrine about the function of a instructor. John Dewey ( 1933 ) observed that brooding thought is called for when people recognize that some jobs can non be solved with certainty. Pulling from this observation, King and Kitchener ( 1994 ) chose the term â€Å" brooding judgement † to depict the sort of epistemological knowledge that includes the acknowledgment that existent uncertainness exists about some issues. These theories have re-constructed my doctrine in the fact that the profession of instruction is non ‘black and white ‘ . There are jobs where there is no perfect solution ; nevertheless it is up to the opinion of the instructor to react in the involvement of the pupils. Lawrence Stenhouse ( 1975 ) explores the construct of a instructor as a research worker, which takes a different attack from the old theories. It encourages instructors to set theories they have learnt into pattern in their schoolroom. This has re-constructed my beliefs of what constitutes a instructor of mathematics as research is an imperative factor in instruction. Decision Research on effectual instruction over the past two decennaries has shown that effectual pattern is linked to inquiry, contemplation, and uninterrupted professional growing ( Harris 1998 ) . Brooding pattern can be a good signifier of professional development at both the pre-service and in-service degrees of learning. By deriving a better apprehension of their ain single instruction manners through brooding pattern, instructors can better their effectivity in the schoolroom. The instructor ‘s function has now changed from the traditional image of a didactic lector ordering an indigestible measure of facts to a schoolroom of students who solemnly inscribe the words and later larn them by bosom to regurgitate them in the signifier of an essay in response to a inquiry on a termly or annual scrutiny paper. These alterations are due to a new position being taken on course of study, teaching method and the organisation of learning and larning, every bit good as alterations caused by wide socio-political tendencies in the society ( Hoyle, 1974 ) . The instructor ‘s liberty, control and professionalism ( Hoyle, 1974, Pollard et.al.1994 ) are no longer beyond difference both in the schoolroom and in society as a whole. As a consequence, the instructor ‘s duties are no longer limited to the schoolroom but scope more widely than hitherto. A modern instructor must now get a broad scope of cognition and accomplishments to get by with the new demands of their increasing duties. A instructor must therefore develop professionally so that enhanced cognition and accomplishments from the procedure of development can be put into pattern both in the schoolroom and outside to profit their students which constitutes an drawn-out professional. How to cite Teachers needs self-confidence to plan and implement, Essay examples

Peter Singer and his solution to end world poverty free essay sample

Although being â€Å"able but unwilling to donate to overseas aid† may been seen as selfish, it is in no way immoral, as Peter Singer would like to suggest. People should not have to bear the responsibility of having to care for every other human. Although people grow up with different opportunities, the one thing that everyone has in common is potential. Whether someone lived in a poor family or a rich family, there is the possibility of having a successful life if effort is put into their schoolwork/jobs. Someone from a poor family might have to work harder than someone from an affluent family because they could have problems finding the money to go to college, but this is why there are scholarships. Someone who works hard, goes to school, gets good grades, and becomes very wealthy shouldn’t have to give up the majority of their money. People work hard for their money and should do what they want with it. We will write a custom essay sample on Peter Singer and his solution to end world poverty or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If money that is normally spent on luxuries went to aid towards impoverished countries, the work ethic of many would people would drastically decline. A popular ideal of life is to make a lot of money. Most people were brought up at an early age, to be conditioned based on reward and punishment. Doctors and scientists both have considerable amounts of â€Å"luxury† money. They went to school for a long time so that they could make a lot of money. That was their incentive. And without incentives, there would be a lack of scientific discoveries, regarding medicine and other useful things. What would be considered a â€Å"luxury† to one person, might be considered a necessity to someone else. Peter Singer believes that â€Å"whatever money [is spent] on luxuries, not necessities, should be given away. † The world, however, is not that black and white. For example, a college student would probably consider a laptop as a necessity because they would access to something portable in which they could write/turn in their essays or conduct their research. A farmer, on the other hand, might consider a laptop to be a luxury because it doesn’t have much to do with his profession/every day lifestyle. People should always have money saved up in case of stressful times. Nobody plans on being diagnosed with cancer, but it happens. In situations like this, treatment options, like radiation, can be very expensive. Treatment might take several weeks as well. People need to save up money in case emergencies. Sending a young adult to college might be seen as a luxury to one person while being a necessity for someone else. The definition of luxury and necessity change depending on a given situation. Although sending money/supplies to overseas nations would help alleviate poverty, it would only do so in regard to short term issues, as opposed to long term ones. In Africa, â€Å"aid-supported scholarships [helped send girls to school,† which was great for a short amount of time. Even though the girls graduated, they still wouldn’t â€Å"be able to find a job in their own countries. † They were educated but couldn’t do anything with their knowledge. In a way, the aid was a waste. Almost every stable/affluent country/nation have an â€Å"accountable government and an efficient civil service. † These things alone â€Å"help meet social needs. Its people need jobs and the belief in their country’s future. † Money alone cannot â€Å"achieve these goals. † What is the exact definition of a luxury? A necessity? It’s different for everyone, but Peter Singer is trying to define these two ambiguous words. Work ethic would diminish and the quality of life would deplete due to lack of scientific advancement. There would also be no long term goals being met. Overall, donating most of your money to aid for impoverished countries would do more harm than good.

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Outsiders locking in essays

Outsiders locking in essays In the United States something very odd happened during the period of time from the middle of the 1950's up to the impact of the crisis of the 1960's. For once in the storied history of the United States a majority of Americans accepted the same system of assumptions. This shared system of assumptions is known as the liberal consensus. The main reason there was such a thing as liberal consensus was because of the extreme economic growth we experienced in the U.S. during the post World War II era. However, the consensus didn't apply to one important group of people. These were the combat soldiers it the Vietnam War. Their experiences at home and abroad suggest that they were outsiders to the ideology that Godfrey Hodgson outlines in his book America In Our Time and that they were not motivated by the promises and values of the liberal consensus. To understand what makes these soldiers outsiders we must first understand what the liberal consensus was. Hogson argues that the social and intellectual world view of the 1950's and early 1960's was based on the ideology that "capitalism was a revolutionary force for social change, that economic growth was supremely good because it obviated the need for redistribution and social conflict, that class had no place in American politics." This is the reason for such a liberal consensus, but what is it really? First, the liberals consisted of the Democratic Party, middle class college students, the civil rights movement, and some members of the labor community. Also known as the Left, these groups of people shared a common belief in anti-communism, the rights of minorities, the willingness to accept the existence of the labor unions, and that the federal government had to play some role in the economic life of the U.S. capitalist system. "Since the consensus had made converts on the Right as well as on the Left, only a handful dissidents were excluded from the Big Tent: southern die...

Research Proposal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Research Proposal - Assignment Example es, it will be setting precedence for the other foreign-based companies as well as the local ones to follow suit in implementing fair labor laws and enforcement of unions for their employees. The US government prohibition of the unfair labor laws and union in outsourcing jobs in their foreign-based companies will lead to setting precedence of the importance of labor equality and fairness locally and abroad. The audience targeted by this research is the investors and well as the legislator. They are both powerful entities within the nation as they not only make laws but they drive the economy as well. The legislators hold the official position to formulate and pass laws and hence they have the decision making power to prohibit these companies from outsourcing employees without unions or under unfair labor laws. The investors are the drivers of the economy locally and internationally through their decision making ability and hence hold the current view on the pros and cons of such an action being taken or not being undertaken by the government. The investors are also predictors of the economic turn based on their current view on world affair. This is important in case the legislation is passed or not and hence will provide advice on how the country is bound to benefit economically from such an action. The paper will target the top 5 multinational companies which have set shore in most international companies and which have been facing allegations of having unfair labor laws towards their locally-based employees (Habib-Mintz, 2009). This research will include the following major sections which will provide a clear picture of the importance of this research topic. Data will collected from both primary and secondary sources with the secondary sources being previous research on the topic and primary being through interviews and questionnaires to get the views from the companies, investors and other stakeholders (Naima, 2013). Analysis of the data will be conducted

ASSIGNMENT SHEET -- BUSINESS LETTER Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

ASSIGNMENT SHEET -- BUSINESS LETTER - Essay Example You want $10000 in compensation. You attached a photo of the frog with the letter. However, with uttermost sincerity, it is my pleasure to inform you that Wal-Mart is a large and renowned company countrywide and the error that may have erupted during your consumption of our goods must have been an external factor rather than one caused by our own incompetence of quality service delivery. It is our duty to ensure that the usual high standards of our goods are maintained. Like mentioned above, am afraid we may not consider the misfortune you experienced a result of our incompetence since the company is a government certified company, with the entire permit to deliver these commodities to the customers. I did all the necessary investigations concerning our storage facilities and am happy to note that they are up to standard. We pack our goods with the greatest care, and we can only presume that the goods must have been mishandled after purchase. We always see to it that each vegetable mix is well checked before actual packing. The containers in which we store the veg etables are thoroughly cleaned on a daily basis thus cannot attract any pests whatsoever, leave their survival in there alone. The health officers also investigate us every month to see to it that our commodities are up to the standards; otherwise, there are high chances that we would have been closed down by now. I presume you must have bought a sealed product, as you did not mention that in your claim letter. However, being a loyal customer to Wal-Mart Company, and to show our goodwill to our customers, we are willing to extend a gesture of our kindness by allowing you a free shopping of goods of the same value or even dispatch the same to your area of residence. It is sad to note that your $1000 plea is rather too much and unacceptable especially when we are most innocent of the allegations. Wal-Mart may not be ready to offer that, especially for a foul not

How import and export restraints governing foreign trade can affect a Essay

How import and export restraints governing foreign trade can affect a country positively and negatively - Essay Example This research will begin with the issue of export restraints. The exports of a country represent the goods and services that are produced locally to then be sold and shipped to customer in other countries. In 2006 the world top exporter was Germany with $1,133,000,000,000 in outgoing trade. In order to achieve high export total countries need to have open and flexible economic system with excellent manufacturing and production capabilities. In new knowledge economy the ability to transfer information at rapid speeds has allowed the proliferation of service exports. The governmental policies of a country can provide exports restrains that may negatively or positively affect an economic system. For example in a country with restrictive environmental laws many industries such as the chemical industry may not be able to establish operation, thus the country will be a poor exporter of these types of goods. A closed economic system can be a major restraint for exporting activities. In Chin a before the reforms of 1979 which began a path towards economic recovery China’s export were low and could not compete in the international marketplace. The country changed its economic policies that created a semi-open system. The changes which culminated with creation of open economy after China gain entrance into the World Trade Organization in December of 2001 have allowed China to have three consecutive decades of 10% annual economic growth. A country culture and beliefs system can become a restraint for export activity.

The Severve After Effects of Dropping out of high school

The Severve After Effects of Dropping out of high school Education is a powerful tool. It prepares students to be invaluable contributors to society. Without a high school education, young people are less likely to succeed academically, socially, and professionally. Sadly, millions of young people leave school without completing their minimum education requirements and thus do not graduate with a high school diploma. As a result, many adolescents experience the devastating aftereffects of their regrettable decision. Students who drop out of high school are more likely to: earn less than those who graduate, be unemployed, be on public assistance, and end up in prison (ERIC). Dropping out of high school culminates a long-term process of disengagement from school and has profound social and economic consequences for students, their families, their communities, and the entire nation (ERIC). America is facing a crisis of epidemic proportions with such a high percentage of students who do not complete their high school education. Dropping out of high school is a major life event that severely impacts students chances for subsequent educational and occupational opportunities (NCES). Recent NCES reports indicate that nationally about one-third of all students who enter high school do not graduate on time, if ever. Approximately 7,000 students drop out of high school daily, which translates to one in three students. Annually, that amounts to more than six million students dropping out of high schools across the nation. The U.S. Department of Education has called it an epidemic. The children are the future of America and should be our greatest resource. All children deserve an education that prepares them to be productive members of society who perform their civic and economic duties. As such, we should ensure they have every opportunity to succeed. Every individual in the country, state, city or municipality will reap the benefits of an educated citizenry. Therefore, everyones best interest would be served by ensuring that all children stay in school and receive an adequate education. Efforts towards dropout prevention will remediate students leaving high school prior to graduation. Prevention measures will serve these individuals, their school, their community, and the nation at large. This policy memo will provide an overview on the current state of the high school dropout problem nationwide and in Florida, particularly, Miami-Dade County. I will discuss (1) the number of school dropouts, (2) the reasons related to youth dropping out of school, (3) the consequences of dropping out and not finishing high school, and (4) dropout prevention programs and techniques. For this overview, I researched the Florida Department of Education summary information on graduation and dropout rates as well as proven dropout prevention and intervention programs and techniques. BACKGROUND The vast majority of students who fail to complete high school with their respective graduating class is comprised primarily of Blacks, Hispanics and Native Americans. Many of these students abandon school within two years of their projected graduation date. This tragic cycle has not substantially improved during the past few decades during which education reform has been high on the public agenda. During this time, as politicians and other elected officials purport to work at mitigating the high percentage of dropouts, the general public has been almost entirely unaware of the severity of the dropout problem due to inaccurate and inconsistent data. The consequences remain tragic. Students who drop out face a lifetime of consequences for this grave decision. Dropouts are more likely than their graduating peers to be: unemployed, living in poverty, receiving public assistance, incarcerated, of poor health, and single parents of children who drop out from high school themselves perpetuating this vicious cycle. Our local communities, as with the state and the nation, also suffer from this epidemic due to the loss of productive workers, loss of taxable wage base, and higher costs associated with increased percentages of incarceration, greater use of emergency health care services, and overwhelming reliance on social services. Despite repeated declarations by educators, politicians, and elected officials about the importance of addressing the dropout situation, the problem becomes more calamitous with every passing year. No Child Left Behind When President George W. Bush signed the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLBA) into law on January 8, 2002, he stated, Now is the time to ensure that every child learns. NCLB required states to use graduation rates to measure how well students were being educated. States were required to report to the federal government how well they met NCLB goals. Originally designed as an attempt by the federal government to hold the nations schools accountable for achieving high levels of educational proficiency for all students, NCLB has been adapted by the states in ways that fail to promote its objectives. Many states tended to manufacture basic data on graduation rates to comply with NCLB. Regrettably, NCLB placed excessive emphasis on solitary assessments that failed to assist educators improve their teaching. Needless to say, NCLB was unsuccessful in its attempt to educate students. The Dropout Crisis For most citizens, graduating from high school is the minimum standard of achievement needed for a successful future. A high school diploma can position a graduate to embark on a variety of pathways to personal, career, and social success that are generally not available to high school dropouts. The plight of the high school dropouts is extremely serious. By dropping out, these individuals considerably lessen their chances to secure a good profession. Without a diploma, dropouts face increasingly bleak career prospects tied largely to entry-level employment. They also may remain far behind in a technology-driven age where career adaptability is not simply a plus, but a requirement (NDPC/N). Graduation rates are a vital indication of how schools are performing. Recently, those rates have been meticulously examined, divulging the extent of the tragedy in Americas high schools. For decades, misleading or erroneous graduation rates were published by schools and school districts. Consequently, the American public knew little of the magnitude of the problems faced by several of the nations high schools. Many factors contribute to students dropping out of school, including poverty, low literacy and achievement levels, parenting responsibilities, and the need to immediately earn money through employment so that they can contribute financially to their impoverished families. Why Do Students Drop Out? While there is no single reason for why students drop out, research indicates that difficult transitions to high school, deficient basic skills, and a lack of engagement all serve as prominent barriers to graduation. Low attendance or failing grades are specific risk factors. Many students discover that their academic skills are insufficient for high school-level work and repeat ninth grade. Many students are not given the extra support they need to make a successful transition to high school and are lost in ninth grade. Lack of both academic and social engagement are integral components of dropping out Overall, far too many students are not graduating on time with a regular diploma; low-income students and minority students fare the worst in the dropout epidemic (Alliance for Excellent Education). More than half of the students who do not graduate on time are minorities. The graduation rate among minorities is as much as twenty-five percentage points below their white peers. Importance of not dropping out The high incidence of students dropping out poses a serious problem for the county, state, and country. Likewise, it creates deleterious consequences for the individual dropout. Consequences of dropping out identified by the General Accounting Office (GAO) include the following: As the pool of dropouts continues to grow, employment opportunities for them are more limited. The rate of engagement in high-risk behaviors such as premature sexual activity, early pregnancy, delinquency, crime, violence, alcohol and drug abuse, and suicide has been found to be significantly higher among dropouts. Dropouts are more likely than other citizens to draw on welfare and other social programs throughout their lives. Income differences between dropouts and other citizens can be expected to widen as the economy evolves. A growth of unskilled laborers in low-wage jobs will increase. As summarized by the GAO, the social costs of the dropout problem include an underskilled labor force, lower productivity, lost taxes, and increased public assistance and crime. Identifying Social Issues The Center for Business and Economic Research (CBER) suggests a focused approach must be undertaken with the purpose of successfully combating the problem of adolescents dropping out of high school. Particularly, this would entail identifying pronounced social indicators that are interrelated with the countys dropout problem. These characteristics help determine individuals who require the most intervention and accordingly implement programs committed to keeping them in school. According to CBER, three factors should be considered. Firstly, social groupings of race/ethnicity and socioeconomic status pictures of at-risk youths emerge. Hispanics, Native Americans, and African-Americans had the highest dropout rates in the state and were more likely of dropping out. Secondly, problematic social environments and inappropriate behavior can be used in identifying at-risk youth. Juvenile delinquency and behavioral problems in school are indicators of potential dropouts. Lastly, academic per formance is a key component in identifying potential dropouts. Grade retention and its effect on self-esteem can be detrimental. DROPOUT PREVENTION PROGRAMS STRATEGIES Many of the proposed solutions recommended to combat the problem of high school dropouts focus on dealing with the social issues that teenagers encounter on a daily basis. The solutions heavily target at-risk youth, making sure they have the necessary tools and guidance to successfully complete their education. The following is a more sketchy examination of some of the most widely proposed programs. Information is comprised of data from Center for Business and Economic Research. Intervention at an Early Age The Oregon School Board Association advocates working with children at a young age to teach the importance of staying in school. Schools in Oregon have led the way in the development of effective programs for their students. One of the programs they have pioneered begins in the third grade. The Importance of School Environment Building strong and stable school environments is a necessary factor in the development of specific programs for children who need specialized attention. It is important to start with the essential elements of a sound school environment, beginning with the organization of the administration and ending with the overall school culture. Alternative Education Programs There are some students for whom traditional high schools simply do not work. For example, for teenagers who need to work to support themselves or their family, or for young girls facing pregnancy, going to school during the day may simply not be feasible. Thus, one idea that has been introduced is for school districts to offer alternative high schools. Dropout Prevention Programs As mandated by the Florida Department of Education (FDOE), dropout prevention programs in Florida were created to: Provide families, communities, and school districts with strategies and resources to continue increasing the number of students who graduate from Floridas schools. Provide school districts with alternative strategies, such as unique teaching techniques, learning activities, and assessment procedures. Provide positive options for building and strengthening curriculums in order to prevent students from dropping out of school. Dropout prevention is a complicated endeavor and must involve a wide range of services to tackle a wide range of problems. There are multiple pathways to dropping out of school, and therefore, any dropout prevention program should have a multi-faceted strategy to serve a wide range of students who are at-risk of dropping out. (ICF and NDPC/N). RECOMMENDATION The key to early intervention is at birth to five years. This is a critical point in the lives of children in which to foster a lifelong love of learning, respect for academia, and confidence in their academic abilities. In doing so, by definition requires the involvement of parents. For parents who rely heavily on social services, there should be a mandate that they volunteer a certain number of hours in the childs school and classroom and participate in parenting classes. Studies have shown that birth to five-year-old students who have parents involved in their education and learning process fare better in their early education, which leads to better overall success in school. With this age group, critical thinking, enhancement of motor skills, cognitive learning, and experiential learning are all crucial to establishing a broad foundation for lifelong academic excellence. Continued parental involvement coupled with adequately staffed and funded schools, and teachers who are engaged and engaging students, all contribute towards long-term success in school. My recommendation is a program that provides students at an early age, similar to Oregons initiative with the necessary tools to foster academic achievement as well as personal and social growth. The program would provide tutoring, homework support, mentoring activities, extended and individual classroom learning, parental involvement, and community support. The main goals of the program, increasing the graduation rate, reducing the number of high school dropouts, and targeting at-risk youth most likely to drop out; will be accomplished. Todays high school needs greater innovation, increased student engagement, and a rich and rigorous curriculum that is more educationally meaningful for students (ASCD). IMPLEMENTATION BENEFITS The California Dropout Research Project declares: Education affords benefits to both individuals and society. Individuals with more education earn higher incomes, are healthier, are less likely to be involved in criminal activities, and are less likely to be on welfare. Additionally, better-educated persons pay more in taxes and enable reductions in government spending on health, crime, and welfare. Therefore, the state and citizens should make certain that all children graduate and finish school with an adequate education. Moving even just one student from dropout status to graduate status will make positive contributions to the economy. Implementation of the proposed policy will be beneficial to Miami-Dade County and the entire State of Florida. It will allow youngsters to successfully learn, stay in school and prepare for life. It will enable educators and parents to be on alert and identify potential signs of behavior that would indicate the student is in danger of dropping out of school. The assistance of parents, teachers, community leaders, and elected officials; will enable students to improve their grades, attendance, and behavior overall. This strategy will instill the importance of education and the benefits of obtaining a high school diploma. A high school education includes the knowledge and skills required to improve an individuals quality of life, to become a more productive citizen, and to improve their income-earning potential. Reduction of the number of local students who fail to graduate on time would exponentially increase economic factors such as individual earnings, spending and investment, tax revenue, and human capital. CONCLUSION Education is an investment in human capital. It provides the foundation for successful academic study, for lifelong learning, and for carrying out the duties of citizenship. Our high school students face significant challenges. Many teenagers drop out of school every year. Reasons for students dropping out are numerous and oftentimes complex. The alarming dropout rates that sentence young people to joblessness and poverty must be turned around.  Retaining students is an enormous problem for many schools; however, students must be convinced to stay in school and learn skills that will allow them to compete and contribute to our economy. Without a high school diploma, young people are less likely to succeed in the workforce.  Solving the dropout epidemic should result in a significant number of actual dropouts, a skilled workforce, and an improved economy. The State of Florida, specifically Miami-Dade County, has a serious problem to confront within its public-education system. Florida has a bleak record pertaining to dropout prevention efforts. Therefore, it is imperative that citizens acquaint themselves with the issues associated with high school dropouts in order to effectively address the problem. Sometimes it is difficult to identify young people who need assistance. However, social factors can be used to identify at-risk youth. Once identified, proven and successful programs used around the country that aim at getting children through school, can be implemented. Certainly, it is up to the citizenry of the state to prevent their children from leaving high school. RELAION TO PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION The incorporation of results-based accountability, as well as, merit pay and performance bonuses that school districts across the nation are gradually adopting, reflects NPM in public education. A reform initiative, such as the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), is a prime example of New Public Management (NPM) concept being applied to education. NCLB illustrates an attempt by policymakers to employ techniques of NPM and to impose more tightly coupled policy restrictions on the educational system. These techniques are applied to the management and operation of schools. SOURCES ASCD (formerly the Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development ). ASCD High School Reform Proposal from http://www.ascd.org/public-policy/High-School-Reform/High-School-Reform-Summary.aspx Alliance for Excellent Education. Factsheet. Available online at: http://www.all4ed.org/files/GraduationRates_FactSheet.pdf California Dropout Research Project. The Economic Losses from High School Dropouts in California. Available online at: http://www.cbcse.org/media/download_gallery/Belfield%20and%20LevinCDRP%20Policy%20Brief%201.pdf Center for Business and Economic Research (CBER). Nevada Kids Count: Addressing the High School Dropout Epidemic Policy Brief. Retrieved November 31, 2010, from http://kidscount.unlv.edu/2002/dropouts.pdf College Board Advocacy Policy Center, The College Completion Agenda: State Policy Guide. http://completionagenda.collegeboard.org/sites/default/files/reports_pdf/Policy_Rec_Three.pdf Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) Document Reproduction Service). School Characteristics Related to High School Dropout Rates found at www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/recordDetail?accno=EJ785964 Florida Department of Education. Available online at: http://www.fldoe.org. Institute of Education Sciences (IES). Available online at: ies.ed.gov ICF International and National Dropout Prevention Center/Network (NDPC/N). Best Practices in Dropout Prevention. Available at: http://ritter.tea.state.tx.us/comm/leg_reports/bpdp_finalreport_20081219_toTEA.pdf National Center for Education Statistics. US Department of Education. Effective Strategies. Available online at: www.nces.ed.gov National Dropout Prevention Center Network. Clemson University. Available online at: www.DropoutPrevention.org National Governors Association. Graduation Counts: A Report of the National Governors Association Task Force on State High School Graduation Data. 2005. Washington, D.C. No Child Left Behind (NCLB). U.S. Department of Education. 1 Apr. 2003. . U.S. Department of Education. (1995). Educational programs that work: Dropout prevention/alternative programs (archived information). Retrieved November 30, 2010, from http://www.ed.gov/pubs/EPTW/eptw3/index.html U.S. Department of Education. (1996). Manual to combat truancy (archived information). Retrieved November 30, 2010, from http://www.ed.gov/pubs/Truancy/index.html U.S. General Accounting Office. (2002). School dropouts: Education could play a stronger role in identifying and disseminating promising prevention strategies (Report GAO-02-240). Washington, DC: Author. Retrieved November 31, 2010, from http://www.gao.gov/new.items/d02240.pdf

Ubiquitous Man :: science

Ubiquitous Man A glance over the world from the point of view of a Science Fiction Writer who assumes that Time is waved to all directions Motto: The only thing you have really got is what you are and it is on you forever. Mihaela Bufnila ASSUMPTIONS If God had died what would be the use of beautiful language and why would â€Å"beautiful† exist or function anymore deep down the oceans? If I multiply and metamorphose into a cloud of spots under the pressure of magnetic fields, will I be able to enlarge my informational surface? The supreme miracle stands for the way in which an assembly of points realizes it is an assembly of points. The Ubiquitous Man seems to be the man of all times shaped into the body of contemporary Time. If this is not true, then I may be wrong when reporting myself to reality, and I have no other choice but accepting the generalized and the generalizing fiction according to which I don’t even exist and, thus, I cannot witness myself. This means that, as I am only contents, I couldn’t possibly build my exteriority from where to fully spy myself while plunging into the pleasure of the principle of multiple of one. The Ubiquitous Man seems to be caught between the history jaws, on the verge of being smashed by his own sins, by his own fictions, or by the crowds waving like a roaring ocean, or by revolutions and wars or by impersonal administrative acts or by nature hardships – which is not a proper nature anymore. As a universal construction, the Ubiquitous Man doesn’t seem to be built by addition, the idea of a flowing time is seemingly. The time seems rather waved; the ubiquity gives the impression of the wave that†¦ And look! You can see it before our visible horizon, now up, under the consciousness reflector, then vanished down the ocean full of universes, to the sailor’s anxiety. The Ubiquitous Man seems to be the man you feel close to you, resembling you, a sailor through the meaningful or meaningless storms, self-sufficient. Often, the Ubiquitous Man ends up by being ridiculous, tragic or anecdotic. It is like, being upset that his predecessors are not sharing his attempts, he punishes them by exterminating them together with him, and this is his way of perceiving the finite. Frequently, the Ubiquitous Man, a fragmented creature, cannot understand, cannot comprise all, cannot find out the meaning of things and then, he is expelled from the sailing registrar in one movement.

Themes of “The Crucible”

Themes of The Crucible While reading The Crucible, two strong themes are guilt and hypocrisy. This play by Authur Miller takes place in during the Salem Witch Trials in Massachusetts. The people involved were called Puritans. they had very strong beliefs such as â€Å"predestination†, and intolerance. When the trials began to come about, it caused great havoc in the small, puritan community. Although this play seemed to be such a serious series of events, after reading it one will soon notice that it is almost crossing a fine line of mockery.The themes that showed these traits pretty well were guilt and hypocrisy, which when looked at deeper bring out the extent of insanity throughout the play. These themes will begin to show how obvious and absurd the true motives actually are. The first theme, which is guilt, is initially shown very subtly but then towards the end of the play, gets to an extreme. Mr. Hale is the first character we really notice effected by this. During act t hree, he begins to feel personally responsible for the people he condemned to hang, as they begin to look innocent.He exclaims, â€Å"I have signed 72 death warrants, I am a minister of the lord†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Miller, 1301). For the first time in the play, one of the characters actually says something to show their doubt, when everyone else is just constantly thinking and wondering if it could be true or not. Another character that show his guilt in this act is Danforth. He is the judge who have tried all of the suspects, and sentenced the majority of them to death. After two of the girls that were the basis for everyone's conviction skip town, Danforth begins to show his skepticism, but can not react. e understands clearly not that there is a strong possibility that the girls were lying, but still refuses to change his decision. After sentencing possibly innocent people to hang, his guilt can not empower him to do things to attempt to justify his previous actions. When Reverend Pa rris tries to postpone the rest of the hangings, Danforth tells him, â€Å"There will be no postponement† (miller, 128). Although one might take this as confidence in his past judgments, he really does this because he feels there is no other option after killing innocent people.The next theme there are some very interesting qualities to is hypocrisy. This theme also ranges from subtle to extreme throughout the play, but hypocrisy is shown a little differently. One example involves the general group of puritans as a whole, and their beliefs. It is made clear that they think its only right for a child to speak when spoken to, but during the entire play the puritans seems to hang on a group of children's words. they are not only listening to them, but killing innocent adults in result of it.During act II, one of the characters says, â€Å"The voice of heaven is speaking through the children. † (Miller, 1294) This sentence clearly states that what the children are telling them are extremely important, must be heard, and must be believed. Another character who shows hypocrisy throughout the play is Parris. He originally acts authoritative and powerful as he tries to pursued the court toward witch craft. Eventually he becomes weak and begs the court to reconsider for his own greed and name.Early in the play, Parris says to Dantforth, â€Å"He's come to over throw the court, your honor! † (Miller, 92), referring to Proctor when he brings a deposition to free innocent people. At the end of act three, the same man, Parris, goes back to the court and tells them, â€Å"Tonight, when i open my door to leave my house – a dagger clattered to the ground. you cannot hang this sort. there is danger for me†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (miller, 128). This statement shows how Parris now is trying to protect himself, and needs to try to justify the previous decisions.For a more general example of hypocrisy, there is one that involves the entire plot of the play. The g oals of the puritans are to keep their community together, but now after dragging out the trials, the have ripped Salem apart. After reading this play, it is clearly evident that there are always underlying motives to peoples' actions. this is shown not only through these examples but the entire dialog. This book was very interesting, and really held my interest compared to other pieces of literature previously read in english classes.

My Redneck Style †Creative Writing Essay

My Redneck Style – Creative Writing Essay Free Online Research Papers Redneck: Used as a disparaging term for a member of the white rural laboring class†¦ A white person regarded as having a provincial, conservative, often bigoted attitude. This culture is often miss-interpreted. We are often confused with the stereotype of â€Å"white trash†, though we share an abundance of the same traits. We are a culture comprised of boots and old jeans, and we are brought up with lessons taught to us by our parents. The word can be used as a pejorative phrase, but to us it is used as a matter of pride. Although the stereotypes related to social behaviors, intelligence, and prejudice are applied to rednecks; they are respectful people full of love for the outdoors, and everlasting pride. Rednecks are often misjudged. There are seen as being disrespectful, racist people. Though this may true for some rednecks, it is not true for all. I for example, am not a racist person. I believe more in respecting everything including people and nature. Rednecks are usually brought up by there parents to be respectful. We try to stay strong to our teachings and remember the words of our elders. Respecting nature is a great deal to this subculture because we love it so much. If I get the choice of being inside or outside, my choice is always outside. We love to spend as much time outside as possible; camping, fishing, four-wheeling, etcetera. There is something about waking up in the woods to the fresh air, getting up and smelling and seeing the nature all around you. Back to the subject of four-wheeling, we love our trucks. A great way to tell if someone belongs to the redneck subculture is if they have a big truck with enormous tires, and a Confederate flag or an American flag. People often misunderstand what the Confederate flag represents to us, for it doesn’t represent racism and slavery. It has a greater meaning than just that. It more represents the way of the southern life. What some do not realize is that not only did the south have slaves, but slavery was very strong in the north. Rednecks have many traits are often seen as ignorant, but we come off that way because we have a tremendous amount of pride. Most of our pride is for our country, for our family comes fist closely followed by the U.S.A. Rednecks are often misunderstood, and the majority of people don’t really know what a redneck really is. Here is a man that truly understands what his culture is. Being a redneck is being proud of your roots and a true love for your father’s name. Where family and friends are first and strangers are just a vague, dismal blur in the distance. Rednecks are good ol boys/gals†¦Their necks are red and maybe their arms, too, cause they work hard and out in the heat all day. The group that is ridiculed by most, but deep down envied by all. Big truck tires, huntin’, fishin’, tractor pulls, country music, Charlie Daniels, and rebel flags†¦They usually drive pickup trucks with loud sounds that can usually be heard before seen. Most people just can’t understand how you can have such a weird lifestyle of cowboy hats and buckles†¦How can your friends be more important than yourself? This might be a question from a typical non-redneck. Where the outdoors are loved and where blue-collar labor is not looked down on but a way of life. Where hard hats are worn instead of pocket protectors. Where steel toe boots are worn instead of nice loafers. Where blue jeans and a flannel are preferred to a nice coat and tie. Rednecks are the people that make the world go round! -Jay Stanton Though people like to apply stereotypes to the redneck subculture, they are much deeper people then that. We are not the ‘racist slobs’ people see us as, for we are a prideful group full of respect for others and for the outdoors. Research Papers on My Redneck Style - Creative Writing Essay19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraWhere Wild and West MeetComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoHip-Hop is ArtQuebec and CanadaThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Essay

Alices Adventures in Wonderland Study Questions

'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland' Study Questions Alice in Wonderland (Alices Adventures in Wonderland) is a famous and beloved childrens classic by Lewis Carroll. You may find these questions useful for book club discussions, Â  to help you with your studies, or to help with any discussion of the book. Questions for Study and Discussion What is significant about the title?What are the conflicts in Alice in Wonderland? What types of conflict (physical, moral, intellectual, or emotional)?How does Lewis Carroll reveal character in Alice in Wonderland?What are some themes in the story? How do they relate to the plot and characters?What are some symbols in Alice in Wonderland? How do they relate to the plot and characters?Is Alice consistent in her actions? Is she a fully developed character? How? Why?Does Alice change and/or develop as a human being?How does Alice relate to other characters in the book?Do you find the characters likable? Are the characters persons you would want to meet?Does the story end the way you expected? How? Why?What is the central/primary purpose of the story? Is the purpose important or meaningful?How does the past figure into the novel?How essential is the setting to the story? Could the story have taken place anywhere else?How does Carroll use poetry in this novel? Why?Would you recommend thi s novel to a friend?

Effects of a Changing World Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Effects of a Changing World - Essay Example The areas affected most by the change from a bipolar world ruled by the U.S and the Soviet Union include the nature of intelligence gathered, changing use of intelligence by the government, and the influence of these intelligence on U.S domestic and foreign policies (Martland, 2008). For instance, as other powers such as China and Brazil continue to rise, the U.S intelligence has been forced to form unique intelligence alliances with its allies such as the British (Martland, 2008). Specifically, the social, economic, cultural, and political hegemony that emerged and spread in the 1990s implied that the U.S intelligence community had to treat intelligence as a hegemonic concept to gain insight into other societies. In particular, the current social hegemony in which people have the freedom and the right to exercise their civil powers has made the U.S intelligence community to change their perception towards intelligence (Dieseldorff, 2009).Thus, due to the civil powers brought about b y social, political, cultural, and economic hegemony, the intelligence community recognizes that hegemonic concepts have to be normalized (Dieseldorff, 2009). This changing nature of the world has quite a number of implications for the U.S intelligence community. For instance, the U.S intelligence is currently designed to establish and promote a culture of imperialism in which the U.S tries to dictate not only the internal affairs of other countries but also their social and economic features. For illustration, besides supporting the Iraqi and the Afghani Wars, the U.S intelligence has supported the installation and the creation of internal and sponsored governments in these subordinate states. Martland, P. (2008). â€Å"Spooks and Spies: a History of the British and US Intelligence Communities, 1909 to the Present†. Retrieved on September 2, 2012 from

Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) for European Pressure Reactor Research Proposal

Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) for European Pressure Reactor (EPR) - Research Proposal Example From the assessment, it can be noted that the scope for the assessment included the external and internal hazards, sources of radioactivity, and operating states. Additionally, probabilistic safety assessment is a good design representation describer in the reactor submissions and there is evidence that informs the design development. The paper will present the outcomes of the assessment European Pressure Reactor. The assessment got its evidence from Submission Master List2. The approach was conducted to evaluate the principal submission and then took the evaluation of the pertinent documentation gotten from Submission Master List on basis of samples according to the Business Management System. The assessment principle was used as a foundation for the assessment. Finally, the assessment goal is to arrive an informed and independent judgment on the case of nuclear safety. During the assessment process various technical queries and regulatory observations was issued and feedback made by the AREVA and EDF assessed. Various items were agreed by the AREVA but regarded outside the timeline therefore, left out during the assessment.3 The assessment plan within the ND (Nuclear Directorate) was carried out in reference to the document of Business Management System. The document outline the assessment process within the Nuclear Directorate and highlights the process linked with case documentation of safety sampling. SAPs are used as a foundation for assessing PSA that is associated with EPR design. Ultimately, the aim of the assessment is to reach an informed and independent decision. The main criteria and standard used include the Safety Assessment Principles and the Numerical Targets that are pertinent to the document4. The evidence of the research will be interpreted and evaluated as an in depth implementation of the techniques and approaches and the parameters and data used in quantifying

Homosexuality and Religion Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Homosexuality and Religion - Term Paper Example Human beings have inherent rights that States – and the Church – have the responsibility to protect. These rights are innate in them from the time they are born and no state can deprive them of such fundamental rights (Yecies 790). The question is: Is being gay or homosexual a fundamental and inherent right that States or the Church has to protect? This is a question for many theologians and scientists to debate. If being gay or homosexual is an inherent right then the Church must protect homosexuals and permit same-sex marriage. But as they say, it is open for debate. One thing is certain though – homosexuals are human beings and they have the right to be a part of the church as homosexuals. The UDHR espoused â€Å"a Kantian right to equality and moral autonomy for every human person into the circle of the family†, and according to this notion of human rights, there is equality in power and responsibility between the family’s adult members no matte r the sexual orientation. â€Å"In the human rights scheme, gender hierarchy is anathema† (Raday 211). ... Homosexual or heterosexual is not defined in the Bible as we are all members of humanity saved by the cross of Christ. In Christ, we become perfect and fully human but Christ’s work has yet to be completed. In other words, the term homosexual or heterosexual has a religious connotation. Homosexuals and heterosexuals do not defined themselves on the basis of their biological make up, or cultural orientation. To be homosexual or heterosexual is itself a conduct which is the result of factors beyond our control. A homosexual, that includes gay or lesbian, has sexual thoughts towards persons of the same sexual orientation (Bradshaw 120). Main Body Laws on homosexuality have traditionally been governed by promoting traditional morals. Gays have been considered â€Å"other† (Kershaw 559). This means gays are not considered the same with women, the disabled, or racial minority, or they are different. In the United States, even if federal laws prohibit discrimination on the bas is of race and gender, there is no law that explicitly protects homosexuals (qtd. in Kershaw 559). On the question of homosexual’s fundamental right, there are pros and cons to the argument that being gay is a fundamental right but sometimes it depends on what country you belong, i.e. according to the cultural orientation of that country. The UN encourages States to protect their citizens of fundamental rights. What is clear is that it cannot force a State to protect homosexuals of their â€Å"fundamental right†. What does the church, the Catholic Church in particular and other Protestant denominations, say about it? They can be divided about the issue. True, the Catholic Church and other monotheistic religions have condemned homosexuality,

In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life Essay Example for Free

In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life Essay Romeo and Juliet is a tragic 16th century Shakespearean love story set in the Italian city of Verona. The life of a father and daughter in our lifetime at the moment would vary considerably from the one Capulet and Juliet lead in the play. In the 16th century women were expected to do many things for men. Mens expectations for women in the 16th century were that they cleaned the house looked after the children and were treated as second class citizens. Men expected women to obey them and do anything they say if the women disobeyed the men they would subject to punishment in the version of getting hit in those days because there wasnt strict law and order in those days. So if a women married a man they would become the sole property of their husband. In the 16th century the father was the man of the household who would finalise everything. When theyre daughter was around 14 the father would chose who she would be married to, but as in the play some daughters didnt feel that their fathers choice was correct and if they turned down his offer they would also be subject to punishment. The rejection of their fathers choice would also make their fathers feel hurt because his daughter had rejected his offer of happiness, the father also feels that his daughter is not proud of her parents and doesnt thank them. In the play Capulet wants Juliet to have a good life and thinks hes chosen the right type of man for his daughter . He believes that Paris will give her a stable life. Increase the reputation of his family because Paris has class and is a well-known celebrity who when people know he is part of the Capulet clan and Capulets son in law they will like Capulet better. As well as that and the money that Paris earns he believes that Paris is a respectable man of society. That he will also take care of his daughter, e. g. if she is sad he will make her happy and comfort her if she is scared, he will make her feel safe and secure in her home and environment. So all in all he thinks that he has chosen a peach of a man who is respected in aspects of his criteria for his daughter. I believe that in the play Capulet wants his daughter to marry Paris because he feels out of love for his daughter that he has found the right person for his daughter who will take care of her and tend to her when she is sick. Plus love her like he does, but as well as this he also chose Paris who is a very wealthy and popular well-known business man, rather than that his family is at war with the Montague family and would like a celebrity backing to increase his chance of winning. Capulet feels it is tradition at the time for him to select supposedly the lucky man to marry his daughter and when he does this he also expects Juliet to be pleased that he has chosen her such an admirable husband. He hopes that Juliet will feel the same way he does and that it is someone who will care for her and make sure she is given the best love and affection around. In parts of Romeo and Juliet you see the examples of Capulet being a loving and caring father. One of these parts is in Act 1, Scene 2, line 7-11 when Capulet says My child is yet a stranger in the world, she has not seen the change of 14 years, let two more summers wither in her pride ere we may think her ripe to be a bride. This shows that he is loving because he is saying to Paris she is only young and just turned 14 give her two more years and you can marry her. Although he says this to Paris when his daughter disagrees with his choice he doesnt accept her reason or anything he just keeps having a go at her. Whatever reason Juliet gives her father will not accept her reason and keeps forcing her to chose Paris. In conclusion I believe that in the 16th century daughter, father relationships were very different from nowadays. Nowadays the daughter has the freedom to do as she pleases apart from in some certain religions where the marriage is organised between 2 people before they can walk. So in most of the world today women have a free right but in some areas they have stuck to the old fashion way of arrange marriages.

The Structure And Function Of Antibodies

The Structure And Function Of Antibodies There is a type of white blood cell called plasma cells which are produced in the bone marrow as B cells then mature into plasma cells, these produce antibodies. Antibodies are either attached to cell surface membranes or secreted as soluble glycoproteins. Antibodies are large Y-shaped proteins which the immune system uses to neutralise and lead to the elimination of foreign bodies. Antibodies are glycoproteins, due to carbohydrates binding to amino acid residues on the polypeptides; these are composed of four polypeptide chains, of which, two heavy chains and two light chains to form the complete antibody. There are small regions at the tip of the antibody called the antigen binding sites; this region is hugely diverse due to random genetic mutations leading to amino acid chain variations causing a hyper variable region that allows it to bind to many different antigens. Adaptive immunity is the immune response that involves antibodies. It is undeveloped at birth, and is the response of the lymphocytes to specific antigens. Antibodies are heavy globular plasma proteins that belong to the family of proteins, immunoglobins. They have sugar chains attached to some of their amino acids making them glycoproteins. Each of their heavy chains has two regions; the constant region (carboxyl-terminal end) for biological effector functions and the variable region (amino-terminal end) for antigen recognition. The light and heavy chains forming the antibody have inter and intra chain disulphide bridges which hold the chains together, the quantity of bonds varies between different antibody molecules. They have a hinge region where the arms of the antibody molecule form a Y-shape; it is named the hinge region due to segmental flexibility at this point. Antibodies have a massively variable antigen binding site due to the different heavy and light chain amino acid configurations. After birth the only antibodies present in the body are the ones passed over by passive immunization from the mother. Early active immune system antibodies develop in the first few years of life. The main function of each antibody is to specifically bind to one or few similar antigens (foreign molecules). The structure of antibodies relates to the three main functions; activity, versatility and specificity. Antibodies prevent pathogens from damaging or entering cells by binding to them. Antibodies stimulate macrophages to engage in the removal of pathogens and also stimulate other immune responses. They bind to various cells such as phagocytes, lymphocytes, platelets etc. this binding leads to the activation of these cells to perform immune functions such as antibody production and phagocytosis. Antibodies can also bind together when theyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢re bound to pathogens, linking them together and stopping the pathogens from moving or causing damage. The function of an antibody binding to an antigen is provided by the structure of the variable region which has the antigen-binding site (known as the Fragment antigen-binding fragment made from one constant and one variable region); the variable amino acid configuration allows a diverse possibility of specific antibodies to bind with antigens found on foreign bodies. The Fragment crystallisable region at the base of the antibody triggers the appropriate immune response for the situation, for example clumping together (where the Fab fragment joins with the Fc region of another antibody) or triggering the release of histamine in an allergic reaction. There are five different antibody isotypes in humans; IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD, and IgE. IgG is the main antibody in the blood however it can move throughout the bodyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s tissue. It forms the majority of the active immune antibody response to pathogens. It is also able to cross the placenta during pregnancy, passing on passive immunisation from the mother to the developing foetus. IgA is present in bodily fluids in entrances to the body, such as tears, breast milk, and saliva and also in the respiratory tract, urogenital tract and digestive tract, and its function is to prevent colonisation from pathogens. IgM is either present on B cell surfaces or in a soluble secreted form (in which is the largest antibody due to its pentamer form) in the blood and it is involved in the early immune response and can kill pathogens. IgD is the antigen receptor on B cells not already exposed to antigens. IgE is involved in the allergic response to foreign bodies and releases histamine when bound to allergens. The B cell will produce these various isotypes at different stages of its development. Antibodies are secreted by a type of white blood cell called a plasma cell. Antibodies can occur in two physical forms, a soluble form that is secreted from the cell, and a membrane-bound form that is attached to the surface of a B cell and is referred to as the B cell receptor (BCR). The BCR is only found on the surface of B cells and facilitates the activation of these cells and their subsequent differentiation into either antibody factories called plasma cells, or memory B cells that will survive in the body and remember that same antigen so the B cells can respond faster upon future exposure.[4] In most cases, interaction of the B cell with a T helper cell is necessary to produce full activation of the B cell and, therefore, antibody generation following antigen binding.[5] Soluble antibodies are released into the blood and tissue fluids, as well as many secretions to continue to survey for invading microorganisms.

Ophelia and Polonius Essay -- Shakespeare Hamlet

Ophelia and Polonius   Ã‚  Ã‚   In this essay I will attempt to compare and contrast the relationship of Ophelia and Polonius in Shakespeare's play Hamlet, with the relationship my father and I have. I will analyze the similarities and differences between their relationship and ours to show how even though the play takes place in a much different time period, we still have things in common. First, I will characterize the relationship I have with my father. Next, I plan to define the relationship Ophelia has with her father Polonius in the story of Hamlet. Finally, I will discuss how the two relationships relate to one another.    Since I was young my father and I have had a fairly close relationship. As I have grown up he has continuously instilled important values in my life and continues to nurture my environment and support a productive lifestyle. In my teenage years we have however somewhat grown apart. We still talk but it has become harder to see eye to eye on more and more issues. The way our relationship goes is as follows. There will be a disagreement, we...

Enterprise architecture

February 12, 2011 This article includes my thoughts about the business architecture, Cloud Computing, Business Process Management (BPML), and Business Rules. This article consists of a conversation between the CIO and Enterprise Architect. It is a product of my imagination. CIO: I don't want you to use the word â€Å"consolidation. † Instead, use the word â€Å"integration. † I am worried that someone will think that we are working on the consolidation of programs or organizations, rather than improving our architecture to serve the business.Again, I don't want you to get involved in discussions about hanging the organization structure of the agency. How do you see your roll vs.. The rolls of the other directors? Enterprise Architect: I would like to support them with the knowledge I have at my disposal, but they are not interested. One day they may realize how they can use the Enterprise Architecture. I think of Enterprise Architecture as the substructure, which suppor ts the business, the superstructure. The Director of Capital Planning and Investment Control should use the Enterprise Architecture migration plan to formulate future investments.A portion of the Enterprise Architecture has security concerns, including all 4 layers: cuisines, applications, data, and technology. We develop standards for all layers of the Enterprise Architecture, except business standards; although, we may be asked to coordinate some business standards. Both communications and security should use the models contained in the Enterprise Architecture Framework or propose changes to the models in the framework. CIO: What do you want me to do? Enterprise Architect: Get the cooperation of your direct reports. CIO: You will get it.Go over the business architecture, current architecture, and target architectures again. Enterprise Architect: The comparison between the business and current architecture is the foundation for the data, applications, and technology target architec tures. This comparison answers the question, â€Å"Are we satisfying our business requirements in the current architecture? † The business architecture or model includes the following: – Defines the mission and objectives, long-range strategies, tactical plans, performance measures, budgets, and business rules. Why) – Defines the information and data that is shared, monitored, and tracked. (What) – Defines the activities that are performed and a description of each. How) – Defines the organizations and actors performing the activities. (Who) – Defines where the activities are performed. (Where) – Defines the business cycles and when activities or processes are performed. (When) In the business architecture, we develop mappings between all 6 of the Coachman interrogatories, including who, what, when, where, why, and how.The business architecture is mapped to the current architecture, and then opportunities for improvement are documente d. Targets are developed for data, applications, and the technology layers of the architecture using the business architecture and other analyses. The business architecture constitutes our requirements at the agency level. CIO: This is the first time I have heard about opportunities for improvement. Are you going to produce a report with recommendations as a result of the comparison between the business architecture and the current architecture? Enterprise Architect: Yes. Here is the way it works: 1.Create the Business Architecture We produce a business architecture, which reflects the current way of doing business and contains all sorts of information and data associated with the 6 interrogatives in the Coachman Framework. We also develop mappings between the interrogatives. The business architecture describes the current business practices, including, data, processes, etc. 2. Map the Business Architecture to the Current Architecture and Identify Opportunities for Improvement We pr opose a draft listing of the conceptual projects and associated common applications/components and data objects and progressively refine it.We produce a current architecture, which tells us about the existing systems. We map the business architecture to the current architecture and we may find out, for example, that there are a large number of current systems associated with a single activity or no systems associated with other activities. All current projects are mapped to the conceptual projects. 3. Create the Data, Applications, and Technology Target Architectures based on the Business Architecture and Other Analyses We produce data, applications, and technology target architectures, which are partially based on the business architecture.Also, we use BPML, technology forecasts, judgments about the future uses and characteristics of information, opportunities to automate aspects of work, future business trends, new 2 goals/objectives and plans, etc. As the basis for coming up with the target architectures. 4. Compare the Current Architecture with the Target Architectures and Produce a Gap Analysis and a Migration Plan The business architecture helps us to evaluate the present and to propose the future. We use the business architecture as a resource wherever we can; for example, it might contribute to BPML and business rules and visa versa.We are concentrating on an application architecture now, and we will issue several versions. As more analyses are completed, we will refine the applications architecture. We will move to data and technology layers soon. CIO: How do I know what you are going to include in each version? Enterprise Architect: There is no overall version plan. We probably should include BPML in the second version of the applications architecture. We previously developed a longer plan to implement Enterprise Architecture. CIO: I think that there should be a version plan.Also, â€Å"soon† is not an adequate answer. I am beginning to be irr itated with the staggered development of the Enterprise Architecture. Enterprise Architect: We can come up with a version plan, and give you the long-term plan for the completion of the application, data, and technology target architectures. CIO: You are going to produce a report entitled: â€Å"Opportunities for Improvement† after you have completed the business architecture and have compared it with the current architecture. Maybe you should consider it a â€Å"rolling stone† and Just keep updating it.Enterprise Architect: The â€Å"Opportunities for Improvement Report† might include the following: – Whoso – Who is missing or not being informed? Who do existing systems address or not address? Can organizations and actors be given increased responsibility? – What's – Is the necessary information and data being shared, tracked, and monitored? Are all data models included in existing systems? – When – Are the scenarios, e vents, and business cycles reflected in existing systems? – Whereas – Do all identified locations have access to the existing systems? – Whys – Do existing systems reflect our goals and objectives, long-term strategic plans, tactical plans, performance measures, budgets, and business rules? – Wows – Have improved activities and processes been included in existing systems, and do they reflect end-to-end processing? CIO: I am interested in how you would increase responsibilities of organizations and actors. Can you talk to me about costs? I noticed you include budgets in the Why Column. Enterprise Architecture: Generally costs are in the Why column along with goals, objectives, long-term strategic plans, tactical plans, performance measures, and business rules.If a project is not budgeted, then it cantata be taken seriously. Costs can be sorted in various ways. CIO: Maybe you should sort costs by each target architecture, that is, applications , data, and technology. Enterprise Architect: Good idea. However, we can't do that until we have a migration plan, because focusing on costs now would be premature. CIO: What is Cloud Computing? Enterprise Architect: Cloud Computing is like running your PC off of Software as a Service (AAAS), and might include query engines, operating systems, program and business APS, etc.CIO: How does Cloud Computing know our requirements for our program and administrative APS? Is Cloud Computing our new target? Enterprise Architect: Cloud Computing may offer certain advantageous, which we may find attractive. If it doesn't satisfy our requirements, including our standards, then we may not be interested in Cloud Computing. Every day, we are getting a better Andre on our agency requirements and I think we can take a critical look at this new way of providing IT support. CIO: You know the most about our APS and standards; so, I expect that you will keep your eye on this issue.What are MOB and others saying about Cloud Computing? Enterprise Architect: There are several security concerns related to Cloud Computing that I have heard discussed at forums and seminars. First, our data will be stored in other places, and wherever our data is located, it needs to be protected; so, we need to clearly delineate our security requirements. Second, we also expect efficient revive without diminishing our security requirements. Third, more parties will be involved and we need to understand how they interact and their promises and guarantees. I think that MOB would like to see the IT federal footprint decrease, and Cloud Computing may be one meaner to do this. However, there is a trend toward the increase in the flow of data, and an increased emphasis on data ownership. I don't expect that Cloud Computing will eliminate the need for planning, but it is particularly important that it satisfy the agency in terms of efficiency and security. CIO: I don't want to be forced to â€Å"buy a pig in t he poke. There was a lot of pressure to move forward with an integrated Enterprise Architecture, which contains standards and approvals.I am wondering if MOB is changing our target? I am sure that Cloud Computing will require that we give up a certain degree of control. I am also worried about the costs and the loss of expertise. Enterprise Architect: As our Enterprise Architecture work progresses, we increasingly have a better understanding of our requirements. CIO: You have indicated that you are developing the applications architecture first. Why didn't you develop the applications and data architectures in parallel?I am being approached by BPML contractors as you know and I asked you to do some research on the subject. When will you give it to me? Enterprise Architect: We should have developed the applications and data architectures together, since they are closely related to one another. Here is a table that summarizes my BPML research. I think that BPML would offer tremendous value for further refining our target architecture, and I believe that the Coachman Framework contributes to the design of improved processes. A few things are worth noting from my BPML research. See: Enclosure (1)). 1) Both recesses and outcomes are important. Many citizens come into contact with the agency through processes. Of course, the government tends to focus on output rather than outcomes, because outputs are often more achievable than outcomes. 2) Integration and standardization reduces fragmentation and enables the processes to be more efficient and effective. 3) The data, processes, and business rules are important. Processes should be ended- end. Data models can be augmented with business rules, which limit and control processes. ) Forward engineering, BPML, business rules, and technology forecasts, among others, re valuable to develop the data, applications, and target architectures. As they say, it would be wise to make changes to processes up-front rather than making these changes down stream. We know the processes associated with the information exchanges, particularly our interchanges with the public. We can use that to focus on priority processes. Additionally, we produced value streams associated with the value chain and various scenarios, particularly related to threats.Finally, there are a number of 5 key data models that contain very important processes. All of this can be used to â€Å"kick start† BPML. BPML takes considerable time and effort to create improved processes, particularly if you are going to select a preferred alternative from a comparison of similar processes. A process may be undertaken in many ways by the bureaus, using different combinations of activities, data, people, time limitations, goals, objectives, and business rules. CIO: Following up on a comment you previously made, I want the citizen to have more responsibility.I think you are the logical person to do BPML. Enterprise Architect: In addition to the 40 value streams and other scenarios, we developed data models which include processes. In the data model â€Å"Customers place orders,† â€Å"place orders† is the process. We have tons of data models of this sort. I am willing to identify business rules associated with these data models. However, I think we need to depend on our BPML community to do BPML. CIO: There is no BPML community. I am afraid that you are it. I count on you to explore ways to improve how we can further serve the business. Talk to me about business rules.What do business rules have to do with BPML? Enterprise Architect: Business rules are important because you can change the behavior of the organization by changing the business rules. Both business rules and BPML focus on processes. According to Ron Ross, â€Å"A business rule sets limitations and controls on a process. † I have prepared an enclosure that explains business rules. (See: Enclosure (2)). You will note that both BPML and Enterpr ise Architecture use similar language. Additionally, I did not identify the business rules as part of business architecture and I think this was a mistake.John Coachman classifies business rules in his framework at a lower level. However, I no longer agree with this. I believe that the data model, processes, and business rules are closely interconnected and are critical to defining the business architecture. CIO: Maybe John Coachman wanted us to first develop the data models and later add the business rules to them. Just give me a plan for the versions that includes the ideas we have discussed. Also, when the time comes, I am not going to stop any of the existing projects. The new project managers can sort this out.Finally, I have assembled some Youth videos on Enterprise Architecture, BPML, and business rules. (See: Enclosure (3)) What I would like you to do is take a look at them, and come up with your own videos. If you want to hire experts to do the video that is fine. Maybe we should start with Enterprise Architecture. Enterprise Architect: Okay. George Brigandage received a B. A. From Wright State University and M. A. From the University of Cincinnati. He retired in June 2004, from the federal government and 6 lives in Ocean View, Delaware, and Alexandria, Virginia.He was an Enterprise Architect at the Department of the Treasury and the Department of Homeland Security. Before that, he Emceed the Architectures Program for several years at the General Services Administration (AS) and the Department of the Treasury. He may e reached at cell 703. 772. 7410 and at George. [email  protected] Com. His articles are on the web at http://enterprisearchitectureit. Info. 7 Enclosure (1) Business Process Management This table summarizes the key points from the following publications. The categories in this table are merely groupings of BPML actions that were mentioned in the publications: 1 .President Beam's book, The Audacity of Hope, published in 2006. 2. Custome r Service Excellence, Using Information Technologies to Improve Service Delivery in Government, Harvard University, 1994. 3. Citizen-Enabling Open Government (EEOC) Executive Summary for ideas. This report was produced by ACT-IAC Enterprise Architecture Shared Interest Group (SIGH), September 2010. ) 4. Federal Government Business Process Reengineering: Lessons Learned, February 1994, published by AS. Categories Share information and effectively manage programs. Responsive to citizens' needs.Treat all with dignity and What BPML Has Done or Might Do – Share information and data. – Increase integration and standardization to prevent fragmentation. – Provide one face to the citizens. – Develop data standards and business rules. – Provide suites of commonly shared services. – Use technology effectively . Develop a citizen service strategy that includes technology, human resources, skill development, and incentives. – Provide timely respon se to the citizen. – Develop performance measures, associated with ended-end processes and outcomes. Take ownership of the entire process. – Describe the business or make it explicit. (See: – Identify the needs of the citizens. – Use multiple vehicles to communicate with the public, including: web sites, videos (The success of Youth, which provides some degree of video training, is astounding. ), and video teleconferencing. – Use focus groups, surveys. Provide the public with access to the government's databases. – Provide education and training, including long distance 8 respect. Provide the same level of service to all. Gather needed information. Clearly explain things.Develop effective and efficient processes and use technology creatively. Do things better, faster, and cheaper. Protect the public from harm. Give citizen's their moneys worth. Education, so citizens can obtain the benefits they need and budget for innovative training. †“ Develop standards and consistently apply business rules (Business rules must be transparent, consistent, ND explicit to enable effective regulation. ) – Provide language services. – Use alternative locations and organizations like libraries and kiosks to obtain information and distribute benefits. Protect privacy 12